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Yttrium Metal Solid
Symbol: Y
Atomic number: 39
Atomic mass: 88.90585
Group: Transition Metal
CAS-number: 7440-65-5
 
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Physical data

Electronic data  Thermal data  Steric data
Shells: 2,8,18,9,2
Orbitals: [Kr] 4d1 5s2
Electronegativity: 1.1, 1.2
1. Ionization potential: 6.217 eV
2. Ionization potential: 12.24 eV
3. Ionization potential: 20.52 eV
Oxidation states: 3
Electrical conductivity: 0.0166 10^6
Melting point: 1522 °C ±8
Boiling point: 3338 °C
Specific heat: 0.30 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 11.40 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 363.0 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.172 W/cmK
Atomic radius: 2.27 Å
Ionic radius: 1.02 Å ()
Covalent radius: 1.62 Å
Atomic volume: 19.8 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 4.47 g/cm³
Crystal structure: Hexagonal
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Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
86Y086414.74hEC,Beta+View
87Y086.9111/23.35dEC,Beta+View
88Y087.914106.6dEC,Beta+View
89Y10088.90581/2--stable--
89Ym089015.7sITView
90Y09022.67dBeta-View
90Ym09073.19hITView
91Y090.9071/258.51dBeta-View
91Ym0919/249.71mITView
92Y09223.54hBeta-View
93Y0931/210.2hBeta-View
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Other info

Name origin:From the Swedish village, Ytterby, where one of its minerals was first found
Description:Silvery, ductile, fairly reactive metal.
Discovered by:Johann Gadolin
Year:1789
Place:Finland
Sources:Found in minerals such as monazite, xenotime, and yttria.
Use(s):Combined with europium to make red phosphors for color TV's. Yttrium oxide and iron oxide combine to form a crystal garnet used in radar.
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