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Zirconium Metal Solid
Symbol: Zr
Atomic number: 40
Atomic mass: 91.224
Group: Transition Metal
CAS-number: 7440-67-7
 
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Physical data

Electronic data  Thermal data  Steric data
Shells: 2,8,18,10,2
Orbitals: [Kr] 4d2 5s2
Electronegativity: 1.2, 1.4
1. Ionization potential: 6.6339 eV
2. Ionization potential: 13.13 eV
3. Ionization potential: 22.99 eV
Oxidation states: 4
Electrical conductivity: 0.0236 10^6
Melting point: 1852 °C ±2
Boiling point: 4377 °C
Specific heat: 0.27 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 16.90 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 58.20 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.227 W/cmK
Atomic radius: 2.16 Å
Ionic radius: 0.84 Å ()
Covalent radius: 1.45 Å
Atomic volume: 14.1 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 6.4 g/cm³
Crystal structure: Hexagonal
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Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
86Zr086016.5hBeta-View
88Zr088083.4dBeta-View
89Zr0899/23.27dEC,Beta+View
90Zr51.4689.90430--stable--
91Zr11.2390.90535/2--stable--
92Zr17.1191.90460--stable--
93Zr092.90575/21.53E06yBeta-View
94Zr17.3893.90630--stable--
95Zr094.90775/264.02dBeta-,b-View
96Zr2.895.90830--stable--
97Zr0971/216.9hBeta-,b-View
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Other info

Name origin:From the mineral, zircon
Description:Gray-white, lustrous, corrosion-resistant metal.
Discovered by:Martin Klaproth
Year:1789
Place:Germany
Sources:Found in many minerals such as zircon and baddeleyite.
Use(s):Used in alloys such as zircaloy which is used in nuclear applications since it does not readily absorb neutrons. Also baddeleyite is used in lab crucibles. Used in high-performance pumps and valves. Clear zircon (ZrSiO4) is a popular gemstone.
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