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| Electronic data | Thermal data | Steric data | ||
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Shells: 2,7 Orbitals: [He] 2s2 2p5 Electronegativity: 4.1, 4.0 1. Ionization potential: 17.4228 eV 2. Ionization potential: 34.97 eV 3. Ionization potential: 62.707 eV Oxidation states: -1 Electrical conductivity: -- |
Melting point: -219.62 °C Boiling point: -188.14 °C Specific heat: 0.82 J/gK Heat of fusion: 0.2552 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization: 3.2698 kJ/mol Thermal conductivity: 0.000279 W/cmK |
Atomic radius: 0.57 Å Ionic radius: 1.33 Å () Covalent radius: 0.72 Å Atomic volume: 12.6 cm³/mol Density (293 K): 0.001696 g/cm³ Crystal structure: Cubic |
| Legend Pocket calculator |
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| Nuclide | Abundance [%] | Mass | Spin | Halflife | Decay mode | Decay tree |
| 18F | 0 | 18 | 1 | 1.830h | View | |
| 19F | 100 | 18.9984 | 1/2 | -- | stable | -- |
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| Name origin: | Latin: fluere (flow) |
| Description: | Greenish-yellow, pungent, corrosive gas. Extremely reactive. Does not occur uncombined in nature. |
| Discovered by: | Henri Moissan |
| Year: | 1886 |
| Place: | France |
| Sources: | Found in the minerals fluorite (CaF2) and cryolite(Na3AlF6). Electrolysis of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or potassium acid fluoride (KHF2) is the only practical method of commercial production. |
| Use(s): | Used in refrigerants and other fluorocarbons. Also in toothpaste as sodium fluoride (NaF) and stannous fluoride (SnF2); also in Teflon. |
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